文章摘要
不同养殖密度对花鲈生长性能、消化酶活性、非特异性免疫及抗应激能力的影响
Effects of different stocking density on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, non-specific immunity and anti-stress ability of Lateolabrax japonicus
投稿时间:2024-08-27  修订日期:2024-09-13
DOI:
中文关键词: 花鲈  养殖密度  生长性能  非特异性免疫能力  抗应激能力
英文关键词: Lateolabrax japonicus  stocking density  growth performance  non-specific immunity ability  anti-stress ability
基金项目:山东省重点研发计划(2021SFGC0701)、海洋生物资源的开发与利用项目(220-0110-JBN-54EY)
作者单位邮编
王成强 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院 264006
相智巍 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院 
李宝山 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院 
王晓艳 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院 
郝甜甜 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院 
宋志东 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院 
孙永智 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院 
李培玉 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院 
李璐 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院 
黄炳山 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院 
曹体宏* 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院 264006
摘要点击次数: 167
全文下载次数: 0
中文摘要:
      本实验旨在研究网箱养殖模式下,不同养殖密度对花鲈(Apostichopus japonicus)生长性能、消化酶活性、非特异性免疫及抗应激能力的影响。以初始体重为(220.52±2.50)g的花鲈为研究对象,设置4个养殖密度梯度,分别为20尾/箱(4.43 kg/m3)、30尾/箱(6.61 kg/m3)、40尾/箱(8.82 kg/m3)和50尾/箱(10.98 kg/m3),分别命名为M20、M30、M40和M50,每个密度梯度3个重复,随机放置于12个实验海水网箱(1m×1m×1.2m)中,养殖周期为70 d。结果表明:1)花鲈增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)在M40组均达到最大值(90.33%和0.92),同M30组无显著性差异(P>0.05),显著高于M20和M50组(P<0.05);M50组肥满度最低(1.72),显著低于其余三个实验组(P<0.05),M40组肥满度最高(1.84)。2)全鱼和肌肉中粗脂肪含量以M30组最高,显著高于M50组(P<0.05),肌肉粗蛋白含量在M50组最低(87.53%),显著低于其余各组(P<0.05)。3)肠道胰蛋白酶活性在M40组达到最高值,显著高于其余各组(P<0.05);肠道脂肪酶在M50组处于最低水平,显著低于其余三组(P>0.05)。4)M40组血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著高于M20和M50组(P<0.05),同M30组无显著性差异(P>0.05),丙二醛(MDA)含量在M50组最高,显著高于其余三组(P<0.05);血清溶菌酶(LZM)活性在M30和M40组处于较高水平,显著高于M20和M50组(P<0.05),血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性呈现同LZM相似的变化趋势。5)随着养殖密度的提高,皮质醇(COR)活性呈现先降低后升高的趋势,M40组活性最低,显著低于其余各组(P<0.05),而M50组活性最高,显著高于其余各组(P<0.05),肌酸激酶(CK)和促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)活性呈现同COR相似变化趋势。综上所示,不同养殖密度对花鲈生长性能、消化能力、抗氧化及抗应激能力均具有明显影响,本实验条件下,放养密度在6.61~8.82 kg/m3时,花鲈获得较佳的生长性能、非特异性免疫及抗应激能力,另外,养殖密度过高或过低均不利于花鲈的生长及健康。
英文摘要:
      As one of the important environmental factors in aquaculture, stocking density has a direct impact on a series of physiological activities such as growth, survival and immunity of aquatic animals, and is also related to aquaculture yield and economic benefits. A series of studies had shown that suitable stocking density could improve the growth performance, digestion and antioxidant capacity of cultivation object. However, when the stocking density was too high, it would increase the competition of aquatic animals for living space and biological bait, cause density stress, lead to physiological dysfunction, immune defense dysfunction and other negative effects, and finally lead to low feed utilization rate, slow growth rate, serious diseases, and even death, affecting the breeding yield. In previous reports, there were no relevant studies on the stocking density Japanese seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus). In addition, most of the previous studies were mainly conducted under the conditions of small laboratory water bodies, industrial cement ponds and soil ponds, and there were few relevant studies on seawater cages. Therefore, A 70-day feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different stocking density on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, non-specific immunity and anti-stress ability of Lateolabrax japonicus [mean initial weight (220.52±2.50) g]. Four culture density gradients were set, 20 tail/box (4.43 kg/m3), 30 tail/box (6.61 kg/m3), 40 tail/box (8.82 kg/m3) and 50 tail/box (10.98 kg/m3), named M20 group, M30 group, M40 group and M50 group, respectively, three replicates in each group, and randomly placed in 12 seawater cages (1m×1m×1.2m). The results showed as following: 1) The weight growth rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) reached the maximum values in M40 group (90.33% and 0.92), and there was no significant difference with M30 group (P>0.05), but significantly higher than M20 and M50 groups (P<0.05). The condition factor (CF) of M50 group was the lowest (1.72), significantly lower than the other three groups (P<0.05), and the CF of M40 group was the highest (1.84). 2) The highest ether extrac content in whole fish and muscle in M30 group was significantly higher than that in M50 group (P<0.05), and the lowest ether extrac content in muscle in M50 group was 87.53%, which was significantly lower than that in other groups (P<0.05). 3) The activities of trypsin in intestinal tract reached the highest value at M40 group, and was significantly higher than other groups (P<0.05). At the same time, activities of lipase reached the lowest value at M50 group, and was significantly lower than other groups (P<0.05). 4) The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) of M40 group were significantly higher than M20 and M50 groups (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference with that in M30 group (P>0.05). But the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in M50 group was the highest, and significantly higher than other three groups (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the activities of alkaline phosphatase (AKP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and lysozyme (LZM) were similar tendency with SOD. 5) With the increase of stocking density, the activity of corticosterone (COR) in serum decreased at first, and then increased, the activity of M40 group was the lowest and significantly lower than that other groups (P<0.05), while the activity of M50 group was the highest and significantly higher than that of the other groups (P<0.05). The activity of creatine kinase (CK) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) showed a similar tendency with COR. In conclusion, the stocking density had significant effects on growth performance, digestive capacity, antioxidant and anti-stress ability of Lateolabrax japonicus. Under the experimental conditions, the growth performance and non-specific immune ability of Lateolabrax japonicus were better in M30 and M40 groups, the stocking density was 6.61~8.82kg/m3, and higher or lower stocking density was not conducive to the growth and healthy of Lateolabrax japonicus. Moreover, the results of this study enrich the relevant data of the stocking density of Lateolabrax japonicus, and also lay a theoretical foundation for the healthy development of its industry.
附件
View Fulltext   查看/发表评论  下载PDF阅读器
关闭